James Rachels and Psychological Egoism Essay

Mental Egoism relates to the tenet where the object of every single human activity is for the achievement of their personal matters. It happens even in a circumstance wherein the acting operator appears to do a specific thing to support others since it the general concept that he has ready to do useful for others may carry fulfillment to him. Mental Egoism will in general make an awful portrayal on the idea of man. Apparently man, in its condition of nature, would just act in order to delight his own advantages and get all the things that would fulfill or that are pleasurable for him. As presented before, the negligible demonstration of helping others, much the same as giving up one’s satisfaction to support others may grandstand the guideline of mental selfishness. To emphasize the purpose of the mental vanity, all the finishes of man is coordinated towards the fulfillment of delight. Henceforth, the motivation behind why an individual forfeits his own satisfaction is for the wellbeing of his own, or for his won joy. Hence, he isn't being unselfish yet at the same time childishly acting. As such, the idea of unselfishness may not so much be workable for the very explanation, as introduced over (that all demonstrations are equipped towards the satisfaction of personal matters regardless of whether an activity appears to be sacrificial) that there is no extremely such thing as benevolence however consistently includes one self. Numerous individuals have been snared with this conviction that man is normally egotistical (negative or positive childishness is as yet a type of self-centeredness). Accordingly, individuals attempt to utilize the standard of mental selfishness to protect their lawbreaker or shameful acts. As how affirmed, they are legitimately doing what their tendency requests that they be †that they are acting normally. However, as how Socrates refuted Glaucon for saying that a vile life is consistently advantageous than an equitable life, James Rachels endeavored to assess the contentions held by the supporter of the mental prideful person in saying that man commonly is childish and that it is regular that every one of his activities ought to be for his own pleasure. Rachels’ invalidation against mental vanity begins in his qualification of what it is to be called as narrow minded and what it is to be called not egotistical. For Rachels, childishness infers that all activities that are to assist oneself and not thinking about their belongings to others. Simultaneously, Rachels explained the general concept of not being narrow minded. Not being narrow minded relates to a demonstration wherein the acting operator considers the emotions or the government assistance of others perceiving the way that he may do what could give him more joy however doing the other demonstration in order to show up at shared or normal advantage. The basic misinterpretation that the vast majority have in considering the precept of mental pride is that for a demonstration to be named as unselfish is to have the option to carry points of interest to others however not getting anything from it. This is clearly the error which will in general delude the individuals who find mental vanity conceivable. Rachels recommends that unselfishness doesn't really mean nonappearance of any bit of leeway for the acting operator. Being unselfish is that an individual may just get things done to his benefit without mulling over different people’s prosperity but since he perceives that others may likewise do a similar activity against him (thinking about the idea of equity), at that point he would not simply represent his own purpose. What Rachels need to stress in the book is the way that the issue isn't on the issue if magnanimity is extremely conceivable. In any case, what he sees is the way that self-centeredness and unselfishness is extremely not quite the same as one another. The unimportant actuality that an individual consider how his companion would feel is he will remain with him during his tough situations would truly not make him egotistical. Despite the fact that he feels cheerful for helping his companion it doesn't follow that he isa acting proudly. He fulfills himself and simultaneously he carries great to his companion. What's more, that is unselfishness for Rachels. The contentions of Rachels are so critical it could be said that he truly draws out the object of the discussion and the misinterpretation forced by the standard of mental vanity †that is the differentiation of self-centeredness from unselfishness, and the unimportance of magnanimity in the conversation. Rachels’ suggestions or translations against the mental pride is feasible for the straightforward explanation that one ought to consider the government assistance of others all together that he could likewise anticipate that consequently, others would likewise do something very similar. For Socrates, that is the thing that the idea of equity is about; and something very similar for Rachels. Basically, Rachels’ contentions against the principle of mental selfishness surmise that man isn't normally awful or malicious as how the backers or defenders of mental or moral vanity state. He infers that the real idea of man is the way that he searches for others, he has empathy for them, and he perceives that he doesn't just live for himself. Consequently, everyone's benefit is accomplished provided that everybody would have a similar mentality and acknowledgment about the world and humankind then all eventual sure that they would not be unjustifiably rewarded by others or just utilized as intends to their finishes. To summarize and close, Psychological Egoism demonstrated only the most genuine quintessence of equity. Rachels effectively shared an exceptionally intriguing and extremely edifying truth about the defects of the mental pride. The discussion was not if magnanimity is conceivable or not. Be that as it may, the fundamental contention is whether man could act unselfishly which Rachels end up being conceivable. Thinking about the government assistance of others and simultaneously being profited by a similar demonstration was an exceptionally great thought that was viably passed on through Rachels’ contentions.

Bill Gates Bib

Bill Gates Bib Bill Gates is one of the most powerful individuals on the planet. He is fellow benefactor of the most perceived brands in the PC business with almost every work station utilizing at any rate one programming program from Microsoft. As per Forbes magazine Gates is the wealthiest man on the planet and has been in the number 1 situation for at any rate seven years.Gates was conceived and experienced childhood in Seattle, Washington USA. His dad, William H. Entryways II was a Seattle lawyer and his mom, Mary Maxwell Gates was a teacher and executive of the United Way noble cause. Doors and his two sisters had an open to childhood, with Gates ready to go to the restrictive optional Lakeside School.Bill Gates began learning at Harvard University in 1973 where he got together with Paul Allen. Doors and Allen entryways took a shot at an adaptation of the programming language BASIC, that was the reason for the MITS Altair (the principal microcomputer available).English: Melinda Gates in World Economic Forum (Cr...He didn't proceed to move on from Harvard University as he left in his lesser year to begin what was to turn into the biggest program organization on the planet, Microsoft Corporation.Bill Gates and the Microsoft CorporationTo empower individuals and organizations all through the world to understand their maximum capacity. Microsoft Mission StatementAfter dropping out of Harvard Bill Gates and his accomplice Paul Allen set about altering the PC business. Doors accepted there ought to be a PC on each office work area and in each home.In 1975 the organization Micro-delicate was framed, a shortened form of microcomputer programming. It before long turned out to be basically Microsoftâ ® and went on to totally change the manner in which individuals use computers.Microsoft assisted with making the PC simpler to use with its created and bought programming, and made it a business achievement. The accomplishment of...

Driving Habits in Today’s Society

American’s need fundamental information on rules of the street and safe car activity. While numerous drivers assume they’re sitting in their front rooms, instead of in the driver's seat, you don’t need to head out far to see individuals driving with dangerous driving strategies. Perilous propensities can be seen on roadways, private boulevards, and in parking garages. About all Americans today, would bomb a state driver’s test because of regular driving propensities, uncovering some hazardous driving schedules. As per a multi week overview, led by Progressive Insurance Group, more than forty-six percent of the respondents report communicating their annoyance at different drivers by yelling or swearing, utilizing hand motions, cutting off different drivers or unreasonable speeding, while they were in the driver's seat. A considerable lot of us endure these circumstances, yet some don't. Roughly 6,800,000 accidents happen in the United States every year; a generous number are assessed to be brought about by forceful driving. Drivers from all age bunches are defenseless, due to either absence of experience of more youthful drivers or loss of your faculties and reflexes as you get more established. An as of late new perilous driving propensity is the expansion utilization of mobile phones. In excess of 50% of the respondents report that they consistently chat on their PDAs while driving. This helpful interruption has expanded across the nation in the previous years in view of innovative advances, a should be associated with work or home consistently, and a recognition that driving is an unprodcutive.

Teaching the receptive skills Essays

Instructing the open aptitudes Essays Instructing the open aptitudes Paper Training the responsive aptitudes Paper This examination means to introduce some helpful strategies to instructors who are expecting to improve the understudies responsive aptitudes (perusing, tuning in). Scientists and instructors of second dialects understood that the greater part of their understudies had the option to pose inquiries from outsiders yet couldn't comprehend what they had replied. It is one of the different valid justifications for showing perusing/tuning in. Understudies may really need to peruse/tune in for their work or study, or they need to peruse/tune in for delight. For each situation, the procedure should be as simple as feasible for them. Activities concentrating on the responsive aptitudes permit the examination and practice of language structure, jargon, elocution and accentuation, and the perusing/listening can incite discussion and conversation. From the start, the instructors fundamental undertaking is to get acquainted with the various kinds of perusing and listening exercises. In the event of perusing there are: skimming, filtering, responsive/concentrated perusing and broad perusing. In the followings I might want to introduce them independently. Skimming implies when understudies are analyzing a book quickly with infrequent times of close review, I. e. , rapidly running their eyes over the content to get the general thought. On account of examining understudies are finding a particular image or gathering of images (e. g. : a date or a name of an individual or spot). Along these lines, understudies are rapidly scanning for some specific snippets of data. Open/concentrated perusing implies a cautious perusing meant to find precisely what the writer looks to pass on; regularly perusing for data; perusers need to comprehend phonetic and semantic detail and focus on the content. Finally, we talk about broad perusing when perusers read for joy; perusers need to see all subtleties of the content; speed and ability in getting the general thought are generally significant (Knutson 1998). As indicated by Harmer (1991; p. 217-228) there are 5 sorts of listening:â Listening to remove explicit data: understudies tune in for explicit data at word level (e. g. : filling in charts)â Listening for informative assignments: requests that understudies tune in so as to play out an open errands which is however much like genuine as could reasonably be expected, and which includes understudies cooperating to tackle an issue (Harmer 1991; p. 219)â Listening for general comprehension: understudies tune in to discussions so as to get a general thought of what the primary concerns are Tuning in for detail: understudies tune in for gatherings of and phrases at sentence level When the educator knows about the various types of perusing and listening exercises, he/she needs to choose the legitimate materials. He/she needs to mull over some significant viewpoints. Specifically, the subject of the content ought to be intriguing to the understudies and applicable to their age. The educators additionally need to realize the understudies foundation information, incorporating their involvement in the theme, their degree of English and the new jargon that ought to be introduced. The educator additionally needs to look at the content, I mean whether it is sorted out in an unmistakable manner or not. He/she needs to know the length and the nature of the content. As Brewster (1991; p. 6) brings up, Their capacity to focus is restricted. Consequently, undertakings ought to be short, differed, inspiring and intriguing and should offer cement perceptual help. At the point when all the previously mentioned viewpoints are clear for the instructor, he/she can begin the exercise, which is focusing on the responsive aptitudes. As indicated by the book, Kri ti l a Videi ig instructors ought to invest some energy with introducing the point. That should be possible by making the understudies begin to discuss the point or advise their conclusion independently and noisily to the class. The instructors can likewise pose inquiries identified with the point so as to support an entire class talking (Holli et al. 1996). On the off chance that you are having a perusing/listening exercise, you should take a shot at four unique stages, to be specific: Before perusing/tuning in, during perusing/tuning in, subsequent to perusing/tuning in, criticism and direction. The first is the phase before students really read to tune in to the content. The capacity of this stage is to get ready students to participate in the content, attempt to do this as adequately as could be expected under the circumstances, since it is critical to persuade the understudies for perusing/listening the content. At this phase before perusing and listening they will have just framed a thought regarding the substance and kind of the content. It is likewise when new jargon ought to be introduced and the worksheets ought to be offered out to the understudies. The instructor needs to let them know obviously what there task is. While the understudies are tuning in or perusing the instructor ought to course among them so as to perceive how well they are proceeding onward and help them in the event that it is important. At that point, when the content had been tuned in or perused the instructor should check whether they had the option to finish the activity or not. On the off chance that it was insufficient to tune in to or read the content once, he/she lets them do it once more. Once in a while I ask them not to compose anything on their gifts at the principal tuning in/perusing, simply focus on the content cautiously. On the input stage the educator along with the understudies revises the gifts. Valid or bogus proclamations are famous methods of checking perception, and I feel that understudies additionally like doing these exercises. Each course book incorporates such exercises. My preferred perusing exercise is mosaic perusing, all the understudies like it, as well. I discovered this activity in the book, Mi g 135 I tlet. In this movement understudies are given various sections of a story. I regularly give out stories that are cut into pieces (e. g. : Snow White). Understudies read their concentrate and pick the fundamental occurring of it. While they are perusing I am strolling in the class and help them if there is an obscure word or expression. They compose an announcement, and two inquiries identified with their concentrate. For example: We are in a little house where everything is so small. Why? Who are living here? At the point when the understudies are prepared they pose their inquiries and the others are checking their concentrates to discover the appropriate response. On the off chance that someone blades it he/she will tell the class. With the assistance of these inquiries and answers the understudies will have the option to incorporate up and take with a sequential request the entire story (Gedeon et al. 2002). The understudies most loved listening exercise is obviously when we tune in to pop tunes. I attempt to make this progressively pleasant by soliciting them toward the end from an exercise to record their main tune on a sheet. At that point, I gather them and pick one of them. On the following exercise we will tune in to that melody. I give out the verse of the tune with some missing words; while they are listening they need to finish the holes. At the point when we have the total verse, they make an interpretation of it to get the general thought of the tune. I utilize the Internet to discover the verses of the melodies. This investigation intended to discover ways with which the open aptitudes of the understudies can be improved. The most significant an instructor ought to do is to cause the understudies to acknowledge what a magnificent thing it is the point at which we can comprehend an unknown dialect and read a paper that isn't written in our local language. References 1. Knutson, Elizabeth M. (1998) Reading with a Purpose: Communicative Reading Tasks for the Foreign Language Classroom ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics Washington DC. uncc. edu/~medomoto/4200/readings/reading_with_purpose. html Retrieved from the World Wide Web: 01-04-2003 2. Harmer J. (1991) The Practice of English Language Teaching, Longman Group UK Limited 3. Brewster J. 1991 Listening and the Young Learner in Teaching English to Children Ed. Brumfit, Moon and Tongue Collins ELT 4. Holli D. Kontri ni H. E. Ti mi r I. (1996) A Kri ti l a Videi ig Tanki nyvkiadi , Budapest 5. Gedeon I. Lengyel Zs. Ri dai P. (2002) Mi g 135 I tlet Helikon Kiadi Kft. , Budapest 1 Show review just The above see is unformatted content This understudy composed bit of work is one of numerous that can be found in our University Degree Teachingâ section.

Weighted Average Cost of Capital and Midland Energy

Official Summary: Midland Energy Resources, Inc. is a worldwide vitality organization with an expansive cluster of items and administrations. The organization works inside three unique tasks including oil and gas investigation and creation (E&P), refining and promoting (R&M), and petrochemicals. Midland has demonstrated to be an entirely productive organization, with announced working income of $248. 5 billion and working salary of $42. 2 billion. The organization has been doing business for more than 120 years and utilized more than 80,000 individuals.Janet Mortensen, the senior VP of undertaking account for Midland Energy Resources, has been approached to ascertain the weighted normal expense of capital (WACC) for the organization in general, just as every one of its three divisions as a component of a yearly planning process. Midland’s Three Divisions: Exploration and Production Oil investigation and creation (E&P) is Midland’s most gainful business, and its net edge over the past five years was among the most noteworthy in the industry.With oil costs at notable highs in mid 2007, Midland foreseen substantial interest in acquisitions of promising properties, being developed of its demonstrated lacking stores, and in growing creation. They additionally expected to represent rivalry from regions, for example, the Middle East, Central Asia, Russia, and West Africa. Refining and Marketing Midland had possession premiums in forty processing plants the world over with refining limit of 5,000,000 barrels every day. Estimated by income, this side of the business was Midland’s biggest. The generally little edge was reliable with a drawn out pattern in the industry.Margins had declined consistently over the past twenty years. Petrochemicals is Midland’s littlest however generally encouraging and underestimated division. Midland possessed twenty-five assembling offices and five research revolves in eight nations around the globe. Capital spending in petrochemicals was required to develop in the close to term. [Midland Energy Case Analysis] Managerial Finance 1 In request to discover the expense of capital for Midland Energy Resources and every one of the three divisions inside the organization, we should utilize the equation or weighted normal expense of capital (WACC) which is: ( )( rd= Cost of obligation re= Cost of value D= Market estimation of obligation E= Market estimation of value V= D+E= Value of the organization (or division) T= Tax rate First, we can ascertain â€Å"rd† for every division as it is illustrated for the situation by including an excellent/spread over US Treasury protections of a comparative development. As it were: ( The two tables for the situation are as per the following: Table 1 Business Segment Consolidated E&P R&M Petrochemicals Credit Rating A+ BBB AATable 2 Maturity 1-Year 10-Year 30-Year Rate 4. 54% 4. 66% 4. 8% Debt/Value 42. 2% 46. 0% 31. 0% 40. 0% Spread to Treasury 1. 62% 1. 60% 1. 80% 1. 35% ) ( ) *For my computation, I utilized the 30-year development for E&P, R&M, and Midland overall as they take on longer term ventures. I utilized the 1-year for petrochemicals as they will in general interpretation of transient activities. [Midland Energy Case Analysis] Managerial Finance 2 Calculations are as per the following: rd for Exploration and Production: rd for Refining and Marketing: rd for Petrochemicals: rd for Midland: Second, we have to figure â€Å"re† for the three divisions just as Midland as a whole.To find â€Å"re†, we will utilize the CAPM model sketched out for the situation: ( ) In request to understand this condition, we have to discover beta for the three divisions. The case as of now plots Midland’s generally speaking beta at 1. 25. In any case, the case doesn't express the beta for the three divisions. We can figure this utilizing beta for traded on an open market companied sketched out for the situation. Utilizing the accompanying recipe, just as display 5 for the situation, we can compute beta for the three divisions: * ( ) ( )+ [Midland Energy Case Analysis] Managerial Finance 3 Exhibit 5(from case) Exploration and Production: Jackson Energy, Inc.Wide Plain Petroleum Corsicana Energy Corp Worthington Petroleum Average Refining and Marketing: Bexar Energy, Inc. Kirk Corp. White Point Energy Petrarch Fuel Services Arkana Petroleum Corp. Beaumont Energy, Inc. Dameron Fuel Services Average Midland Energy Resources Equity Market Value 57,931 46,089 42,263 27,591 Net Debt 6,480 39,375 6,442 13,098 D/E 11. 20% 85. 40% 15. 20% 47. half 39. 80% Equity Beta 0. 89 1. 21 1. 11 1. 39 1. 15 LTM Revenue 18,512 17,827 14,505 12,820 LTM Earnings 4,981 8,495 4,467 3,506 60,356 15,567 9,204 2,460 18,363 32,662 48,796 6,200 3,017 1,925 - 296 5,931 6,743 24,525 0. 30% 19. 40% 20. 90% 12. 00% 32. 30% 20. 60% 50. 30% 20. 30% 1. 7 0. 94 1. 78 0. 24 1. 25 1. 04 1. 42 1. 2 160,708 67,751 31, 682 18,874 49,117 59,989 58,750 9,560 1,713 1,402 112 3,353 1,467 4,646 134,114 79,508 59. 30% 1. 25 251,003 18,888 Again the figuring to discover Asset ? is: * Equity ? for Midland= 1. 25 ( ) ( )+ Equity ? for E&P= 0. 93*[1+ (1-39. 73%)*85. 19%] =1. 41 Equity? for R&M= 1. 05*[1+ (1-39. 73%)*44. 93%] = 1. 33 *85. 19% and 44. 93% originate from Exhibit 1 for the situation In request to get Equity ? for Petrochemicals, we should take a weighted normal of the three divisions.The condition would be as per the following: (w1, w2, w3 depend on the all out resources of a division isolated by Midland’s absolute resources). To discover this, we will utilize the numbers from Exhibit 3 for the situation: [Midland Energy Case Analysis] Managerial Finance 4 2004 E&P 76,866 R&M 60,688 Petro 19,943 Midland 157,497 2005 125,042 2006 140,100 Avg 114,002. 67 91,629 93,829 82,048. 67 28,000 28,450 25,464. 33 244,671 262,378 221,515. 33 Calculation for w1-3: W1= 114,002. 67/221,5 15. 33= 0. 51 W2= 82,048. 67/221525. 33= 0. 37 W3= 25,464. 33/221,515. 33= 0. 2 Now we can utilize the equation from before to discover the ? for Petrochemicals: Lastly, we have to discover EMRP to discover â€Å"re† for Midland and the three divisions. We can discover our EMRP number by taking a gander at display 6 for the situation: Period 1987-2006 1967-2006 1926-2006 1900-2006 1872-2006 1798-2006 Average abundance return US Equities †T-Bonds 6. 4% 4. 8% 7. 1% 6. 8% 5. 9% 5. 1% Standard Error 3. 7% 2. 6% 2. 2% 1. 9% 1. 6% 1. 2% I will decide to utilize the normal come back from the timespan of 1798-2006. That is the longest example size concerning time, just as having the most minimal standard of error.I will adjust down to 5% for simplicity of count: [Midland Energy Case Analysis] Managerial Finance 5 ( â€Å"re† for Midland= 4. 98%+5%*1. 25= 11. 23% â€Å"re† for E&P= 4. 98%+5%*1. 41= 12. 03% â€Å"re† for R&M= 4. 98%+5%*1. 33= 11. 63% à ¢â‚¬Å"re† for Petrochemicals= 4. 54%+5%*0. 32= 6. 14% ) With this data, we can at long last figure the weighted normal expense of capital (WACC) for Midland and the 3 divisions of the organization. The recipe and computations are as per the following: ( )( ) ( ) *D/V are given in Table 1 to Midland, E&P, R&M, and Petrochemicals. They are 42. 2%, 46. %, 31. 0%, 40. 0% separately. WACC-cost of capital we need: WACC for E&P: ( =8. 32% WACC for R&M: ( =9. 29% WACC for Petrochemicals: ( =5. 10% WACC for Midland: ( =9. 17% [Midland Energy Case Analysis] Managerial Finance 6 ) The expense of capital (as appeared above) will contrast for the three divisions in light of the fact that the business works in various enterprises. By being in various enterprises, the organizations have diverse hazard presentation and betas, while additionally having distinctive FICO assessments. These segments will influence a company’s cost of capital differently.Further Analysis: Mo rtensen’s gauges were utilized for some, things including execution evaluations, mergers and procurement proposition, stock repurchases, resource examinations, and money related bookkeeping. As expressed for the situation, cost of capital is a significant part in WACC figurings. These estimations were being utilized to assess at a divisional level just as at a corporate level overall. In my estimations for the case, I settled for the two levels. With respect to Midland’s corporate WACC, Mortensen figured the expense of obligation for every division by including a premium (or â€Å"spread†) over U.S. Treasury protections with a proper development relying upon the division. For Exploration and Production (E&P), Refining and Marketing (R&M), just as Midland as an organization, Mortensen utilized a multi year development TBond suspicion as those divisions would in general spotlight on longer term ventures. She chose a 1 year T-Bond development supposition fo r Petrochemicals as they would in general spotlight on shorter term ventures. Another supposition that was that the assessment rate (39. 73%) stayed consistent all through the case just as an EMRP of 5%.The EMRP depended on display 6 of the case which inspected TBonds during a specific timeframe and with a specific standard of blunder. With an extremely low standard of mistake (in view of the graph) and counselors, brokers, and speculators covering the business concurring with 5% as a gauge, I accept the gauge to be proper. Experts on the business, financiers, and speculators will in general have a more extensive look on organizations inside an industry all in all. In conclusion, Midland ought not utilize a solitary corporate obstacle rate for assessing speculation openings in the entirety of its divisions in light of the fact that every division is different.Midland is excessively enormous of an organization, with various divisions, each containing its own extraordinary arrangement of dangers. Because of the way that the hazard for every division will be unique, I accept the corporate obstacle rates for those divisions ought to likewise be diverse to mirror an increasingly precise corporate appraisal. I trust Mortensen worked superbly with the data she was given for the situation and I trust Midland Energy will keep on being an unmistakable organization inside the business. [Midland Energy Case Analysis] Managerial Finance 7

Jump into a new comfort zone!

Jump into a new comfort zone! Nina Sinatra Class of 2012 Materials Science Engineering internship with Max Planck Institute MIT-Germany Program 2011 I worked for the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz, Germany. My project focused on studying and tuning the optical properties of polymer nanocapsules containing light-sensitive photochrome dye; this research has applications both in medicine and in fundamental polymer chemistry. MISTI was a wonderful way to take my MIT journey above and beyond! Living and working in Germany was a perfect opportunity to jump into a different comfort zone, work on great research, visit incredible places, and have a truly unique experience. As an engineering student, I couldnt ask for a more welcoming and cutting-edge place to work abroad. The research that I chose to work on represents a different area of materials science than I had previously been exposed to, but I embraced the challenge and had the opportunity to successfully complete my project. In addition to authoring a publication of my work, my experience in Germany has cemented my goal of continuing work in research and achieving a doctorate in my field. I hope to use MISTI 2.0 as an opportunity to return to my host institute and expand my project even more; I am excited both to continue my work and to keep in touch with the friends and contacts that I made abroad. MISTI macht viel Spa!

Jeffersons political career - Free Essay Example

Presidential inaugurations are important civic rituals in our nations political life. On January 8, 1790, President George Washington delivered the very first Inaugural Address, in the Senate chamber of Federal Hall in New York City. The address fulfilled Article II, Section 3, Clause 1 of the U.S. Constitution, which states that the President, shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient. Washingtons address represented a milestone in the long and difficult process of implementing the Constitution, defining the roles of the three branches of government, and forging the political basis of a unified national identity. Washington was aware that as the nations first president, he was setting precedents by defining the role of an elected national leader for citizens and legislators who were wary of executive power. As the single most visible figure in the new government, Washington had to define what it meant to be a president rather than a king, while infusing the office of the presidency with dignity, symbolism, and ceremony that would be appropriate in a republic. The entire nation perused Washingtons every action, from his choice of clothing to his interactions with Congress. He was well aware of the importance of his actions. I have no conception of a more delicate task, than that, which is imposed by the Constitution on the Executive, he wrote, adding, So necessary is it, at this crisis, to conciliate the good will of the People: and so impossible is it, in my judgment, to build the edifice of public happiness, but upon their affections. Equally important, Thomas Jeffersons inauguration was held on March 4, 1801, in Washington D.C, the first time an inauguration was held in the city. Jefferson knew that one of his tasks was to heal a divided nation. The election of 1800 was a tie between John Adams and Aaron Burr. The constitution said that the election would be decided by the Hhouse of Rrepresentatives. Transitions of political power throughout history had typically, with rare exceptions, been accomplished by force, but Americans demonstrated in the election of 1800 that such transitions can be accomplished without resorting to violence. Despite the personal insults during the bitterly fought contest, t he election ended with a sweeping but peaceful shift of political power from Federalists to Republicans. The event was so significant that Thomas Jefferson referred to it as the Revolution of 1800 † a revolution, he would later write, not affected indeed by the sword, but by the rational and peaceable instrument of reform, the suffrage of the people. In the aftermath of that election, Jefferson established the precedent of using the inaugural address to urge citizens to reunite as Americans on shared political principles. Although both Inaugural Addresses were equally important, they had a few major distinctions. For one, the purpose of one was completely different than the other. The purpose of Washingtons address was to define the role of the President and to put in action the new government. Although not required by the constitution many presidents after him followed in his steps, giving inauguration addresses. To his inauguration he wore a suit, different from his usual military uniform and took a carriage to the site of the inauguration. Washington had one of the major roles in setting the premise of what were the duties of a President. This was no easy task because the people of Early America were afraid that the President would soon become exactly like what a King was in England. Therefore, Washington had to show the difference between a President and a King. On the other hand, Thomas Jefferson had a different task to complete. Being elected during the famous election of 1800, he had the duty to urge parties to end the in-fighting amongst themselves and from that came his famous phrase, We are all federalists, and we are all republicans. Different from Washington and Adams, Jefferson didnt wear formal clothes to his inauguration, instead he wore the clothes of a plain citizen without any distinctive badge of office, Additionally, instead of taking a carriage to the place of the inauguration he walked a short distance to the Capitol. His supporters praised his republican simplicity, while detractors maintained that his appearance was contrived and politically motivated. In his inaugural address he stated that good government is necessary in order to have a strong country. Without good government the country wont be able to reach its full potential, and would be held back by and constrained by an excess of unnecessary and ineffective laws. Therefore, government needs to abide by certain principles in order to properly serve the need of the people. He also believed that the country need cooperation between both political parties and the people, the exchange of ideas is necessary to reflect public good. Lastly, like every president he made an oath to uphold all the right given to men in the Constitution. In conclusion, Jefferson contributed to many things that shape aspects of American everyday life. His political career was very successful and he was in many political position throughout his life. These included, Secretary of State, Vice President, and finally President of the United States. Having these positions madde him one of the most influential and experienced founders. Thomas Jefferson contributed greatly to the development of the United States but the single most important item was the Declaration of Independence. His believe that each generation has the chance to remake the countrys laws and constitutions was truly visionary. Moreover, Jefferson doubled the size of the United States by agreeing to buy Louisiana from Napoleon Bonaparte, emperor of France, for $15 million dollars. This is deal is widely known as the ?Louisiana Purchase. The Louisiana Purchase of 1803 doubled the size of the United States, gave the country complete control of the port of New Orleans, and prov ided territory for westward expansion. Also, the abolition of slave trade was done under Jeffersons presidency, which meant that no new slaves were permitted to be imported into the United States.a very Lastly, but equally important, Jefferson considered education a very important part of society. He wanted to establish a new institution free of church influences and where students could specialize in new areas not offered at other universities. In 1819, 76-year-old Jefferson founded the University of Virginia. Overall, Thomas Jefferson came to be one of the most important men of America, by using his experience to make it better than before. Making him one of the most influential founders of the United States of America.

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A Study On the Correlation between Social Status and...

Spring, 2013 INTRODUCTION The main aim of this paper is to examine whether there are significant differences in academic performance of students of †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. University with regard to their social background. There are social differences among students that create social inequality, mainly due to the existence of classes in society. Students representing different social classes can achieve different results in their career paths. The paper’s point of departure is that there are great deals of socio-economic factors that can affect the academic performance of the students. These include the education level of student’s parents, family income, the type of†¦show more content†¦These conceptualizations include social class as more than just an economic measure. For example, Weber saw property, skills, and education all contributing to the concept of social class, which is sometimes used interchangeably with socioeconomic status.3 He argued that social class has three di mensions of stratification: class, status and party and that these three dimensions are distinct entities and cannot be resolved under the single concept of class. Thus, in brief from the concept of social class we understand a group of people within a society who posess the same socioeconomic status. HYPOTHESIS Preposition: Students who represent upper social class are more successful than others (positive relationship) H(null): There is NO relationship between the level of social class and the level of academic success. CONCEPTUALIZATION A social class is a group of people that is characteristic of owning the same social, economic, political position on the basis of which is placed in different hierarchical occupations. Besides this leads to social differentiations. So the concepts that need to be explained within the scope of this research are social class, social background and success. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION In order to research the validity of the hypothesis, the conceptualization process is used at first. The points that can affect the level ofShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Dropout On The Latino Communities Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pagesdistricts and to the U.S. in general. If the population is increasing this means that our future generation needs to be well equipped to help us progress. There are several studies and research that discusses the different factors that contribute to dropout rates in the Latino communities. As we look over previous literature and studies about dropout rates in the Latino population we will see the different factors that are currently being addressed and need improvement. Literature Review There is a highRead MoreThe Effect of Peer Presure in Education17388 Words   |  70 PagesFACTORS AFFECTING ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AT UGANDA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY BY KYOSHABA MARTHA BBA (UCU) 2005/HD04/4262U DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FUFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF MAKERERE UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 2009 DECLARATION I, Martha Kyoshaba, hereby declare that, this dissertation is my original work and has never been presented to any university or institutionRead MoreThe Impact of Facebook on Students Academic Performance Essay1683 Words   |  7 Pagesfamous social networking websites which has become a part of the daily routine for most college students. This has led to a question amongst researchers whether students’ use of this networking site influences their academic outcomes. This literature review will examine and synthesize the published current research concerning the impact of Facebook on college students’ academic performance. Even though most studies are inconclusive in determining the relationship between Facebook and academic performanceRead MoreSocial Inequity And Education : How Does Socio Economic Inequity Affect The Performance And Engagement Of Students?1282 Words   |  6 PagesSocial inequity and education How does socio-economic inequity affect the performance and engagement of students? Introduction Around the world, socio-economic groups influence the performance and engagement of students. This can be partly explained by the genetic variations present among each individual but the major causes of this phenomenon are resources and opportunities. Student engagement can be referred to as their sense of acceptance and belonging of the goals of schooling. It also involvesRead MoreEvaluating The Mental Health Of The Students And Screen For Psychological And Psychiatric Disorders Such As Depression1612 Words   |  7 Pagesaffect debt or student performance (Ross, et al., 2006). The questionnaire included questions about basic demographics, debt, and income (Ross, et al., 2006). Investigators added a general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) to evaluate the mental health of the students and screen for psychological and psychiatric disorders such as depression (Ross, et al., 2006). This study is considered a within-subjects design, because it used the same group of students for all as pects of the study, and the group’s resultsRead MoreThe Effects Of Poverty And Student Achievement : Does Poverty Affect The Culture Of A School?1195 Words   |  5 PagesUniversity ABSTRACT Research Questions The following research questions guided this study. Research Question One According to the research literature, what effect does poverty have on academic performance? Research Question Two According to the research literature, what is the influence of behavior management strategies and the affect on student performance? Research Question Three According to the research literature, what impact does student behavior have on the cultureRead MoreThe Significance Of Child Development In Low Socioeconomic1517 Words   |  7 Pagesdisadvantages include lower academic achievement, home environment stress, and relational issues between parent and child. In our world today, poverty is affecting more children developmentally. It has been accounted as of 2017, that 15 million children in the United States live in poverty, and more than one in three in U.S. children live along the threshold of poverty (Ingraham, 2014.) According to the American Psychological Association, low socioeconomic class is defined as the social standing or class ofRead MoreEating Breakfast1197 Words   |  5 PagesImpact Eating Breakfast Has On School Performance Breakfast has been widely known as the â€Å"most important meal of the day.† Most parents and school faculty stress the importance of eating breakfast from a very early age. The first meal of the day not only keeps the metabolism on track, but also wakes the body up by supplying energy and nutrients to the body right when a person wakes up. Why is this important? Building healthy habits at an early age, such as eating breakfast regularly, will not onlyRead MoreEffects Of Dropout Rates On The Latino Communities Essay1024 Words   |  5 Pagesdistricts and to the U.S. in general. If the population is increasing this means that our future generation need to be well equipped to help us progress. There are several studies and research that discuss the different factors that contribute to dropout rates in the Latino communities. As we look over previous literature and studies about dropout rates in the Latino population we will see the different factors that are currently being ad dressed and need improvement. Literature Review There is a highRead MoreEffect Of Support / Living Situations And Stressors On Students Gpa1591 Words   |  7 Pagesas your mental temperature begins to boil, and anger flows through your veins, there is no way you will be able to concentrate on studying for the exam. At this point, you decide to venture out of the house to the local coffee shop to finish the study session. Nursing school is a huge challenge for many students, accompanied with hours of studying, exam after exam, project after project, taking a great deal of concentration and focus to be successful in nursing school. Along with success

Bayesian Learning Essay examples - 1308 Words

BAYESIAN LEARNING Abstract Uncertainty has presented a difficult obstacle in artificial intelligence. Bayesian learning outlines a mathematically solid method for dealing with uncertainty based upon Bayes Theorem. The theory establishes a means for calculating the probability an event will occur in the future given some evidence based upon prior occurrences of the event and the posterior probability that the evidence will predict the event. Its use in artificial intelligence has been met with success in a number of research areas and applications including the development of cognitive models and neural networks. At the same time, the theory has been criticized for being philosophically unrealistic and logistically inefficient.†¦show more content†¦They allow intelligent systems flexibility and a logical way to update their database of knowledge. The appeal of probability theories in AI lies in the way they express the qualitative relationship among beliefs and can process these relationships to draw c onclusions (Pearl, 1988). One of the most formalized probabilistic theories used in AI relates to Bayes theorem. Bayesian methods have been used for a variety of AI applications across many disciplines including cognitive modeling, medical diagnosis, learning causal networks, and finance. Two years after his death, in 1763, Rev. Thomas Bayes Essay Toward solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances was published. Bayes is regarded as the first to use probability inductively and established a mathematical basis for probability inference which he outlined in this now famous paper. The idea behind Bayes method is simple; the probability that an event will occur in future trials can be calculated from the frequency with which it has occurred in prior trails. Lets consider some everyday knowledge to outline Bayes rule: where theres smoke, theres fire. We use this everyday cliche to suggest cause and effect. But how are such relationships learned in and from everyday experience? Conditional probability provides a way to estimate the likelihood of some outcome given a particular situation. Bayes theorem further refines this idea by incorporatingShow MoreRelatedResearch Statement : Texas A M University1438 Words   |  6 Pagesto inverse problems, transport based filtering, graphical models and online learning. My research projects are motivated by many real-world problems in engineering and life sciences. I have collaborated with researchers in engineering and bio-sciences on developing rigorous uncertainty quantification methods within Bayesian framework for computationally intensive problems. Through developing scalable and multi-level Bayesian methodology, I have worked on estimating heterogeneous spatial fields (e.gRead MoreOnline Learning : Stochastic Approximation1139 Words   |  5 Pages4 Online learning: Stochastic Approximation Estimating the mixing density of a mixture distribution remains an interesting problem in the statistics literature. Stochastic approximation (SA) provides a fast recursive way for numerically maximizing a function under measurement error. Using suitably chosen weight/step-size the stochastic approximation algorithm converges to the true solution, which can be adapted to estimate the components of the mixing distribution from a mixture, in the form of recursivelyRead MoreNetwork Estimation : Graphical Model1222 Words   |  5 Pagesdependence structures using precision matrices and they are generated under a multivariate normal joint distribution. However, they suffer from several shortcomings since they are based on Gaussian distribution assumptions. We have developed [2] a novel Bayesian quantile based approach for sparse estimation of graphs. The resulting graph estimation is robust to outliers and 3 applicable under general distributional assumptions. In the theoretical development, the graph estimation consistency result is alsoRead MoreComparative Study Of Classification Algorithms3008 Words   |  13 Pagesclassification [3]. III. NAà VE BAYES CLASSIFIER Naà ¯ve Bayes classifier is based on Bayes theorem. It’s a baseline classification algorithm. Naà ¯ve Bayes classifier assumes that the classes for classification are independent. Though this is rarely true Bayesian classification has shown that there are some theoretical reasons for this apparent unreasonable efficiency. There are various proofs that show that even though the probability estimates of Naà ¯ve Bayes classification are low it delivers quite goodRead MoreI Am A Master s Program At The University Of British Columbia School Of Population And Public Health1717 Words   |  7 Pagesand its commitment to cultural, experiential, and international diversity reflects my ideal learning environment. Moreover, the curriculum will equip me with the knowledge and hands-on experience needed to be an effective and responsible researcher for clinical trials. In terms of my research interests, I am particularly interested in a more in-depth study of Bayesian adaptive clinical trials. The Bayesian approach is something we employ in our everyday interactions and decision-making. For exampleRead MoreDemand Inventory Management4997 Words   |  20 PagesForecasting demand and inventory management using Bayesian time series T.A. Spedding University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK K.K. Chan Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Batch production, Demand, Forecasting, Inventory management, Bayesian statistics, Time series Keywords Introduction A typical scenario in a manufacturing company in Singapore is one in which all the strategic decisions, including forecasting of future demand, are provided by an overseas office. TheRead MoreEssay On Sentiment Classification769 Words   |  4 Pagesparticular aspect into consideration. There can be a situation where the sentiment holder may express contrasting sentiments for the same product, object, organization etc Techniques for sentiment analysis is generally partitioned as (1) machine learning approach, (2) lexicon-based approach and (3) combined approach (Meddhat et al., 2014a). There are two approaches for the lexicon-based approach. First one is the dictionarybased approach and the second one is the corpus-based approach that utilizesRead MoreThe Static Model Of Data Mining Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pagesbased on COQUALMO are useful in facilitating the right balance of activities to meet quality goals.The static model based on product and project metrics and used Bayesian Belief network model and AgenaRisk tool are used [10,11]. Other researches regarding defect models include regression models [12,13], statistical models and machine learning based models [14,15]. This includes artificial neural networks, instance-based reasoning, decision trees, and rule inductions. Many techniques are used as enhancementsRead MoreA Review On Thing Net Works970 Words   |  4 Pagesare useful for suggesting papers with comparable subjects. Different case of thing net-works can be found in hyperlinks among site pages, motion pictures coordinated by the same executives, et cetera. In this paper, we build up a novel progressive Bayesian model, called Relational Collaborative Topic Regression (RCTR), to join thing relations for suggestion. The principle commitments of RCTR are laid out. II. Foundation: In this area, we give a brief presentation about the back-ground of RCTR, includingRead MoreMethodology of the Naà ¯ve Bayes Algorithm. Essay1534 Words   |  7 Pagesthe presence of many other words. To make our life easier, we make an assumption that all occurrences are independent of each other (thus the model is called â€Å"naive†). The entire Naà ¯ve Bayess rule without the â€Å"independence† assumption is called â€Å"Bayesian Network†. We do not intend to go into that in this project. Bayess rule for multiple evidences: P (E1, E2... En | H) x P (H) P (H | E1, E2... En) = _____________________ P (E1, E2... En) With the assumption of independence, we can rephrase

Did Esther Trap Herself in The Bell Jar Essay - 1599 Words

The Bell Jar is an autobiography of a female sophomore. The girl-Esther, who is 19 years old, came from suburban area of Boston. As she had talent writing skills, she was invited to New York to serve as guest editor in a national fashion magazine office. In her one-month stay in New York, on one hand, Esther was cautious and conscientious to learn from an able and efficient female editor-Jay Cee, and she dreamt to follow Jay Cee’s successful step. On the other hand, she met various men and women in her colorful social life. These experiences reminded her of her life in women’s university, especially her relationship with her boyfriend- Buddy Willard. As the recollection often interweaved with reality, they brought Esther perplexity,†¦show more content†¦The setting of The Bell Jar was New York and Boston in 1953 summer, and we can see from the beginning of the novel that Esther’s value orientation was totally different from 1950s’ of American soci ety. Thousands of teenagers long for American dream because they hope to change their poor life by working hard. Esther succeeded in her study since she was young, and her talent as well as industriousness won her a lot of praise and scholarship. These made Esther, who was short of money, got various enviable chances-paid practical training in the New York famous magazine office was just one of her latest achievements. We can say that Esther’s life was absolutely the best interpretation of American dream. However, to Esther, she could not feel the significance of realization of American dream, and she could not react as what others expected, either. At that time, most American would deem her symbol of success of having one-month busy activities and various presents. However, Esther could not link her achievements on study to the successful image that the society set for women. In a word, Esther did not know what kind of women she should be. Before she went to have practical training in New York, she could not bear anything that obstruct the success on her career, and she even had hostility to the traditional female image which was highly praised at that time. Her hostility was shown on the discontent of her mother and Mrs. Willard-her boyfriend’s mother. TheseShow MoreRelatedSymbolism In The Bell Jar1548 Words   |  7 Pagesuses many literary devices to convey her purpose in The Bell Jar such as symbolism. The Bell Jar itself is used as symbolic representation of the emotional state Esther is in. The glass jar distorts her image of the world as she feels trapped under the glass. It represents mental illness , a confining jar that descends over her mind and doesn’t allow her to live and think freely. Symbols and images of life and death pervade The Bell Jar. Esther experiences psychological distress which is a motif inRead MoreThe Bell Jar Essay858 Words   |  4 PagesThe Bell Jar as a Controlling Image in The Bell Jar Sylvia Plaths The Bell Jar contains a constant reference to a bell jar that acts as a controlling image. The bell jar in the novel controls the novel in three ways. It acts as a symbol for the depression that Esther Greenwood, the central character, experiences. It also serves as a metaphor for her. Finally, it is the very illusion that drives her into depression. Esther Greenwood works for a fashion magazine in New York and lives a dreamRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1211 Words   |  5 PagesSylvia Plath Research Paper Title The Bell Jar place[s] [the] turbulent months[of an adolescent’s life] in[to] mature perspective (Hall, 30). In The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath uses parallelism, stream of consciousness, the motif of renewal and rebirth, symbolism of the boundary-driven entrapped mentally ill, and auto-biographical details to epitomize the mental downfall of protagonist, Esther Greenwood. Plath also explores the idea of how grave these timeless and poignant issues can affect a fragileRead More Weaknesses of Esther and Plath Exposed in Sylvia Plaths The Bell Jar1174 Words   |  5 PagesWeaknesses of Esther and Plath Exposed in The Bell Jar   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The glass of which a bell jar is constructed is thick and suffocating, intending to preserve its ornamental contents but instead traps in it stale air.   The thickness of the bell jar glass prevents the prisoner from clearly seeing through distortion.   Sylvia Plath writes with extreme conviction, as The Bell Jar is essentially her autobiography.   The fitting title symbolizes not only her suffocation and mental illness, but also theRead MoreThe Bell Jar Analysis750 Words   |  3 Pagescoming-of-age period can challenging and painful. For Esther Greenwood in â€Å"The Bell Jar† by Sylvia Plath, however, coming-of-age is literally life-threatening. As she notices the differences between herself and her friends and attempts to find meaning in her life, Esther regresses into madness, and then makes several unsuccessful attempts to end her life using various means. The source of Esther’s discontent, however, is never entirely clear. In, â€Å"The B ell Jar† by Sylvia Plath, the author expresses that Esther’sRead MoreCircumstances that Exacerbated Esthers Mental Illness1045 Words   |  5 PagesSylvia Plath is the author of the Bell Jar and was an American poet, novelist, and short-story writer (JRSM. June, 2003). The Bell Jar book was published in London a month before Plath’s death in January, 1963. The book was first published under the pseudonym Victoria Lucas, and then later published in Plath’s own name. Esther Greenwood is the main character in the Bell Jar. Esther suffered from mental illness and struggled against depressive environment and continuously aggravated madness thatRead MoreThe Bell Jar : Beyond The Title1889 Words   |  8 PagesThe Bell Jar: Beyond the Title Each day with depression is a war in one’s own mind, with every decision being a new battle to fight. Even getting out of bed can be an activity that takes up most of one’s energy when coping with this disorder. Depression is no novel mental illness-- between the multi-million dollar Cymbalta commercials and the movement to destigmatize mental illness as a whole, there are few who do not have at least a basic understanding of what the disorder entails for those thatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Opening Line Of The Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath2088 Words   |  9 PagesThe Girl in the Bell Jar It was a queer, sultry summer, the summer they electrocuted the Rosenbergs, and I didn t know what I was doing in New York (1; ch. 1), the opening line of The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath, effectively sets the tone for both the life of Plath and the remainder of the novel. Plath s depression and cynical outlook on life fueled the creation of many of her poems and novels, and particularly The Bell Jar in its autobiographical fictional genre. In this way, Sylvia Plath isRead MoreThe Bell Jar, by Sylvia Path and Lucy, by Jamaica Kincaid1837 Words   |  8 Pagesabuse that they will or have encountered. In novels, The Bell Jar, by Sylvia Path and Lucy, by Jamaica Kincaid both young women have the similarity to rebel against the cult of true women hood but do it in many different ways. In the novel, The Bell Jar, by Sylvia Plath the protagonist is named Esther Greenwood. Through the book Esther wonders if she should marry and live a conventional domestic life, or attempt to satisfy her ambition. Esther is from Massachusetts who goes to New York as a collegeRead MoreThe, Loss Suffered By Holden Acts As A Contributing Factor For His Inner Turmoil And Mental Illness2376 Words   |  10 Pagesahead is death. Therefore, loss endured by both Holden and Esther leads to their eventual depression and isolation from society. Furthermore, depression and isolation of characters also stems from failure in the academic sector. Initially, Esther was making huge progress in terms of her talented writing skills and was offered a range of literary opportunities growing up. Philomena Guinea- a famous author- acted as the benefactor funding Esther s college scholarship. However, Esther’s success was short-lived

History of Minority Populations in the Child Welfare System Free Essays

The child welfare system was created as the need to address the basic needs and provisions of poor children was more and more evident throughout the 19th century. Through the passing decades, the need to provide supportive services for these children’s families was also a concern. Among the agencies responsible for providing these services are state and county child protective services as well as adoption agencies and foster homes. We will write a custom essay sample on History of Minority Populations in the Child Welfare System or any similar topic only for you Order Now The main goal of these agencies is the protection of children who have experienced abuse from those who are responsible for their care such as parents or guardians. The ultimate goal is to have abused children reunited with their biological parents -when possible- once the danger of repeated abuse has been curbed. The decision to place children up for adoption is a measure of last resort. However, it is evident that children of minority groups are the ones most represented within the national child welfare system. The Relevant History of the Minority Populations Minority populations within the United States have always been at a significant disadvantage socially and economically. The roots of these disadvantages among minorities go back to the initial colonization and subsequent expansion of this country. For example, the African American and Native American populations were once the target of systematic, institutionalized racism. The literal and cultural destruction of Native Americans and the racially biased laws passed by federal, state and local governments against the African American population have subsequently resulted in a socio-economic breakdown within these groups (Martin, 2007). These disadvantages have caused a social stagnation among subsequent generations within these groups. Undeniably, the stresses of disadvantaged families trying to reach self-sufficiency have caused many to experience behavioral and emotional issues of which the result is many times the abuse of their children or children in their care. However, there has been a response to these issues within the Human Services community especially from the child welfare practice. The U. S. Child Welfare Response The resulting awareness that there is in fact a need to concentrate efforts in helping improve the quality of life among minorities and their children has caused the Human Services community to implement more comprehensive actions towards the social assistance of these children. In recent decades the preservation of the family unit has been the ultimate goal when a child protective services agency interferes. But other preventative measures have also been implemented many of which have seen positive results. Contemporary Efforts to Intervene With Child and Family Services Respecting Cultural Diversity The necessary interference from child protective services mostly results in temporary placement of abused or allegedly abused children in foster homes. As previously mentioned, the goal is eventual reunification of the child with his or her family but not until there is clear evidence that there have been efforts made by the biological parents to make behavioral improvements within their families to prevent any future abuses of their children. Programs available to parents of abused children range from counseling, parenting classes, treatment for substance abuse, anger management, employment services and housing services (Martin, 2007). Preventative measures have also been taken by social service agencies in the form of early intervention and prevention programs. These services can include family counseling, parenting training, household budgeting, stress management, and in some cases cash assistance (Martin, 2007). There is however another area of focus among the child welfare system in regards to the methods of providing services for children of American subcultures. Methods of Cultural Competent Practice in Child and Family Service Settings Cultural competencies are the methods developed for Human Services professionals that are designed to increase cultural awareness and sensitivity. The application of the principles learned with their application allow the child welfare worker to better serve minority children and their families. As the child welfare professional applies what he or she learns regarding the culture of the child and his or her parents, the worker will achieve the ability to respect the dignity of all people regardless of race, gender, age or sexual orientation (Martin, 2007) How to cite History of Minority Populations in the Child Welfare System, Essay examples

Communication Foundation of Project Management

Question: Discuss about the Communication Foundation of Project Management. Answer: Introduction The document is prepared for the organization named as Grand Wines that is an employer for a lot many sales executives and representatives. The company includes sales services and operations on a daily basis. However, there are a few drawbacks that are associated with the current system that is utilized in order to execute the sales operations as it lacks the use and application of technical advancements. The project that has been proposed is an attempt to overcome the drawbacks of the existing system with the distribution and implementation of wireless data entry devices. These devices would allow the sales personnel to enter the data in the company database from any location and keep the same updated at all times. SWOT Analysis Strengths The company is already established and holds a strong position in the market The company has a large workforce that includes varying set of skills. It would be easier to find the required combination of skills to achieve the business objectives of the project internally rather than looking for external options to achieve the same Weaknesses The project would give rise to numerous changes and due to the presence of huge workforce; these changes may be resisted and difficult to manage as well. The project does not have any scope to alter the defined and estimated schedule of six months which may be difficult to maintain during the project activities. Opportunities The number of order completed in a single day would increase with the better organization and management of the data Customer trust and engagement will also show marked improvements with the application of latest mechanisms in the sales operations The technical advancements would allow Grand Wines to appear as a technically innovative organization which would provide a competitive edge to the company Threats The use of wireless devices and flow of information over the cloud would cause the emergence and introduction of a number of different security attacks and risks. These risks may have low to severe impact on the information that is exchanged and the data that is entered through the devices If the occurrences of the threats are not prevented and controlled then the same may take a toll on the performance and reputation of the organization. The engagement of the customers might alos get negatively impacted (Ommani, 2011) AUD 60000 is the budget allocated for the project and the breakdown of the costs is depicted in the table below Cost Category Allocated share of budget (AUD) One-time Cost Equipment, hardware, tools 16600 Development Costs 11400 Integration and Implementation Costs 12400 Human Resources Costs 12700 Costs for Marketing Activities 6800 Objectives To develop and implement a system to integrate the sales operations and activities with the wireless device to allow the sales personnel to make data entry from any location To complete the project activities in the estimated schedule and budget of six months and AUD 60000 respectively. To increase the customer base with the technically advanced sales operations and better quality of services The present system that is used to give shape to the sales operations is not technically advanced and therefore includes a number of drawbacks in terms of slower processing, increased vulnerabilities for human errors, duplication of order entries and likewise. The newer system that has been proposed will offer numerous benefits in terms of technical advancement, faster processing, no scope for human errors, and removal of redundant data along with streamlining of all the operations. Also, the sales representatives will be able to update the database from any location and at all times. Deliverables Project Charter: Feasibility analysis and authorization for the Project Manager to start the project activities. Project Plan: Project strategy and approach, project scope, project team details, risk assessment method and details of budget and schedule. System Development and Design Plan: Design diagrams and the developmental activities that will be covered during the project timeline. Test Plan: Types of testing that will be conducted, testing tools that will be used, defect management method and defect reporting procedure as well. Marketing Plan: Marketing strategy, mediums that will be used along with the associated details Closure Report: List of all the activities that are executed and the information on the acceptance and sign-offs as well (Palmerini, 2014). The project team will not execute any of the activities that would include communication or negotiation with any of the third parties. Acceptance Criteria Project success will be evaluated after the analysis of the factors such as adherence to the delivery dates that are estimated for the project deliverables and milestones, ability to complete the activities within the estimated budget and schedule, enhancement in the orders that are successfully handed and completed, number of open defects that are critical and severe in terms of priority and severity and feedback that is collected from the sales representatives and customers. Project charter, project plan, system development and design plan, test plan, marketing plan and closure report are the set of milestones and deliverables that will be provided. The table below includes the delivery dates of the project deliverables Project Deliverable Due Date Project Charter 30th December 2016 Project Plan 16th January 2017 System Development and Design Plan 24th February 2017 Test Plan 10th April 2017 Marketing Plan 15th May 2017 Closure Report 26th June 2017 Assumptions and Constraints The project start date shall be 26th December 2016 and end date shall be 26th June 2017 with a total duration as six months. The project shall be completed in not more than AUD 60000. The project team will be provided with development; testing and implementation environments set up and tested in advance. Stakeholder Role and Responsibilities Project Client Project funds, project specifications along with approvals and sign-offs Project Manager Planning and initiation activities, reviews and inspections, communication with the team members, allocation of duties and resolution of disputes Finance Analyst Project budgeting Technical Associate Designing of the system along with assistance to the development and implementation teams System Developer Creation of the wireless data entry system and integration of the devices with the existing operations Database Administrator Linking of the database with the wireless data entry devices Implementation Associate Implementation of the system with the approved changes Test Associate Test creation, test execution, defect logging and defect reporting Marketing Associate Marketing approach and strategy, selection of marketing platforms (Missonier, 2014) The team gained lessons on the overall management of the project and the significance of the project management methodology. Also, the team gained knowledge and skills on the technical aspects associated with the design, development and implementation of wireless data entry devices in an existing system. Communication Plan The plan will serve the purpose to set up common communication guidelines for all the team members. Project Client Project Manager Finance Analyst Technical Associate System Developer Database Administrator Implementation Associate Test Associate Marketing Associate Information Exchange Business Requirements: Project Client will provide the details on the expectations in terms of functionalities and system qualities to be covered. Project Status Report: Information on the set of completed and pending activities. System defects: Test Associate will provide the information on the new, open and closed defects. Sales Information: Sales services and operations that are covered on a daily basis (Alatalo, 2012). Frequency Business Requirements: Project initiation phase Project Status Report: Daily System Defects: Weekly Sales Information: Daily The information will be shared with the aid of a SharePoint location that would be accessible by all the approved members of the team and the project client. Effective communication will allow the development of the clear approach among all the members of the team and the same would ensure that there is least amount of re-work involved at all the stages of the project (Zulch, 2014). The team members will have a daily meeting that shall be attended by all the members and the information will be exchanged through the use of internal emails and communicators (Muszynska, 2015). Interactions with the client shall take place through the use of teleconferencing medium and emails as well. Change Management The project will introduce a number of changes in terms of the methods that are used in the sales operations along with the reporting structure and data handling and management as well (Tripon, 2011). It would not be easier for the team members to get used to these changes at one go. It would therefore be required to have a dedicated change management plan and team members to make sure that the changes are handled and managed successfully and with much ease. These changes would also include the technical aspects of the devices and the functionalities that are implemented in the same. The changes shall be managed with a change management methodology and approach that shall be decided by the Project Manager along with the Implementation Associate and the entire procedure shall be covered in a series of phases as planning, preparation, handling and management. There shall also be the involvement of a lot of trainings to ensure that the employees have the required clarity on the devices and their usage (Suresh, 2016). Project Meetings - Agenda The meetings shall take place on a daily basis with the basic agenda as the understanding of project progress and discussion on the issues and conflicts (Rebori, 2016). The facilitator of the meeting shall be the Project Manager who shall circulate the meeting invitation, meeting location and meeting slot to all the team members in advance. Absence from the meeting shall be informed to the Project Manager well in advance. Any of the issues and conflicts shall be discussed in a polite manner. References Alatalo, U. (2012). Communication Strategy in Projects. [online] Available at: https://www.dphu.org/uploads/attachements/books/books_5840_0.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Missonier, S. (2014). Stakeholder analysis and engagement in projects: From stakeholder relational perspective to stakeholder relational ontology. [online] Available at: https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/downloadFile/845043405428939/12%20Stakeholder%20analysis%20and%20engagement%20in%20projects.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Muszynska, K. (2015). Communication Management in Project Teams - Practices and Patterns. [online] Available at: https://www.toknowpress.net/ISBN/978-961-6914-13-0/papers/ML15-266.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Ommani, A. (2011). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis for farming system businesses management: Case of wheat farmers of Shadervan District, Shoushtar Township, Iran. [online] Available at: https://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380639652_Ommani.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Palmerini, E. (2014). Regulating Emerging Robotic Technologies in Europe: Robotics facing Law and Ethics. [online] Available at: https://www.robolaw.eu/RoboLaw_files/documents/robolaw_d6.2_guidelinesregulatingrobotics_20140922.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Rajablu, M. (2015). Managing for Stakeholders: The Role of Stakeholder-Based Management in Project Success. [online] Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271138669_Managing_for_Stakeholders_The_Role_of_Stakeholder-Based_Management_in_Project_Success [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Rebori, M. (2016). How to organize and run effective meeting. [online] Available at: https://www.unce.unr.edu/publications/files/cd/other/fs9729.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Suresh, H. (2016). Change Management Must for todays Organization. [online] Available at: https://www.providersedge.com/ehdocs/transformation_articles/Change_Management_-_A_Must_for_Today-s_Organization.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Tripon, C. (2011). Change Management and Organization Development. [online] Available at: https://www.apubb.ro/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/OD_Suport_de_curs_masterat.pdf [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. Zulch, B. (2014). Communication: The Foundation of Project Management. [online] Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212017314002813 [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016].

Staying Sober by Terence T Gorski and Merlene Miller Essay Example

Staying Sober by Terence T Gorski and Merlene Miller Essay When a drug addict is constantly nagged and abused, condemned and ostracized by society, he turns into a viler and bitter individual. Even showering pity will not help him one bit. Heartfelt care and concern, an understanding approach, and tender regard for his feelings are necessary prerequisites to heal his inner wounds. Coupled with this, one needs to learn to forgive and forget his past in order to help him build a new identity. The inner core of every human being is essentially good, even of the hard-core drug addict. He needs help and proper guidance to enable him to align himself with his true personality. The downward march to destruction can be replaced by an upward spiral to inner elevation making him a worthy individual. This happens when the addict recoups his original physical and intellectual health.Relapse syndrome:This is the sum and substance of what Gorski means by staying sober. Every drug addict is a complex personality and the treatment varies from individual to individual. The lack of will power is the main cause of relapse. Gorski tries to trace the complex causes of relapse and explains procedures for the early identification of this malady. Addiction is bad; relapse is even worse. Gorski highlights this aspect for an individual who is about to face the relapse challenge.Some cured patients hail this book as the Bible on the subject of relapse syndrome. To attain mental stability, the ex- Inpatient Rehabilitation beneficiaries refer to the time-table and remedies prescribed in the book quite often. The book gives details about AA, numbers, sponsors, support groups to enable to remain and retain the sober condition. For a cured patient,  Ã‚   to maintain the normal position throughout life is the greatest reward.Gorski’s book is very methodical and systematic. It contains detailed review and classifies addiction as a disease and relapse prevention as a skill. How to take care of the post acute withdrawal syndrome and the stages o f recovery, and the precautions required to be taken at every step. Those with chronic relapse problem will find the steps prescribed in this book very useful. So, staying sober according to Gorski, is not a mere promise. It is an attainable realty.The methods and relapse control systems adopted by Gorski, have stood the test of practical application and he came out with the successful treatment module as explained in this book. Until then, the subject of relapse of alcoholism and drug addiction was given causal attention, not because of carelessness, but because of non-availability of proved procedures. The authors of this book did the painstaking research, watched and studied the relapses and noticed the pattern of the ‘relapse behavior.’   Ã¢â‚¬ËœTriggers’ were identified, the situation leading to relapse tendencies were analyzed. Such detailed patient-wise examination gave them clues about the possible unexpected triggers also. Putting these theories into p ractice is again a matter of deep patience and skill, both for the counselor and the patient.   This is an area of not rash actions, but that of perseverance.The approach to treat ‘relapse syndromes’ perfected by Gorski and Miller is unique for another reason. The treatment is not just about examining the patient. It goes to the root cause of the relapse, the pattern of â€Å"triggers† (both emotional and situational). Once the exact cause of the relapse is identified, the treatment pattern is finalized. The guidelines in the book, therefore, are useful for both the clients and the therapists. You work to an individual plan. The treatment becomes specialized, as applicable to that particular patient.Gorski’s relapse Prevention Model is also known as â€Å"CENAPS† relapse-model. It provides you with the solid backgrounder as for the problem of relapse, point by point. The contents of the book are methodical, such as definitions of addictive disorde rs, mistaken beliefs about relapse, â€Å"Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS)† and its relation to relapse, the importance of family support and involvement, the role of support group etc. Above all, Gorski highlights the importance of the will of the relapsed patient to change; to give up alcohol or other addictions for ever. It is reasonable to assume that since the treatment module goes to the root cause of relapse in a particular individual, the treated individual finds the inner change in him, and that prevents further relapses. When an individual makes a solid decision to change, his very thought process changes. When the thoughts are changed, the mind is changed; when the mind is changed, the man is changed; when the man is changed, the society is changed. Drug-free society then becomes an achievable reality.Strictly speaking, the stages of relapse-recovery as mentioned by Gorski, are nothing new as such.   Those six stages were earlier identified and explained by Stephanie Brown in Treating the Alcoholic: A Developmental Model of Recovery (John Wiely, 1985). But how Gorski does, what he does is important, thoughtful and meticulous. Therefore, his treatment module is hailed as a success.Conclusion:Substance abuse, violence crime and mental health are all inter-related. Gorski is an international expert on these topics. â€Å"Terence T. Gorski is an internationally recognized expert on substance abuse, mental health, violence, crime.   He is best known for his contributions to relapse prevention, managing chemically dependent offenders, and developing  Ã‚  Ã‚   community-based teams for managing the problems of alcohol, drugs, violence, and crime.   He has extensive experience working with employee assistance programs (EAP) and has special expertise in working with emergency professionals including fire, medical, and law enforcement.†Ã‚   (Article: Addiction†¦.)This book is a timely contribution in the cause of substance de mand reduction and perhaps elimination, of this serious social malady which is eating the vitals of the society, all over the world.

The Decline of The Islamic Empire essays

The Decline of The Islamic Empire essays There was once an immense empire known as the Roman Empire, it was once the dominant force in Europe and had almost complete control of Europe. The Roman Empire had 55 rulers overall. The empire had an excellent government but they had trouble with keeping a ruler. In fact about three-fourths of the Roman Empires rulers were assassinated. Rome also had many virulent rulers who contributed to the fall of this gargantuan empire. When this empire collapsed it left a large hole for the Islamic tribes to freely fill. There was no competition so it was like a vacuum and sucked the Islam into its place, and since there was no competition the Islamic tribes quickly and easily spread across the vast area that the Roman Empire left. They were assisted by their military, which was pretty powerful, good economy and very rapid and huge population growth. They prosper and live life very nicely then things begin to go really bad and the Islamic Empire starts its decline because of the three things: the military, the economy, and demographically. The powerful military was the main ingredient in the Islamic Empires success, and it also helped the decline of the Empire. Muhammad the Prophet, the founder of Islam, drew Arabs of the Arabian Peninsula to Islam by his forceful personality, the promise of salvation for those who died fighting for Islam, and the lure of fortune for those who succeeded in conquest. The warriors of the Islamic Empire had a very strong will to win. They fought for fortune and prosperity and that is what they got. The Arab warriors fought until the enemy said there were no god but Islam. They outsmarted the opposition and fought with intelligence rather than brute strength. The normal warrior was equipped with light armor, just enough to protect their vital parts. On the other hand the Europeans used very heavy armor that weighed about 60 pounds, this was a disadvantage for the Europeans. Since the Islamic warrio...

6 Effective Ways to Survive Through College Finals

6 Effective Ways to Survive Through College Finals College finals are challenging, we all know that. The pressure on a student in this period is immense. But you can pull it through! To help you out, we have prepared a few college finals tips and tricks on how you can avoid stress and increase your productivity during your exams. When finals week gets closer, one can often meet students with bags under their eyes holding the fifth cup of coffee. You can almost see this stressing tension in the air. So, when the finals week is the only thing that stands between you and hot summer days of chilling and fun, its not surprising that you might feel a little overwhelmed. When feeling so, its hard for your brain to be focused and organized. Its not a rare case when students fail exams in spite of being well acquainted with the subject and because of not being able to pull themselves together. So, we are going to give you tips on how to survive finals week and stay calm. 1 Eat and Drink Well A lot of students feel like they are running out of time before final examinations. In pursuit of saving time, they commonly skip their meals and eat poorly. However, its not the best choice for you during this period because your body needs a lot of energy in order to keep you organized and productive. Before the finals, your body and your brain need a lot of nutritious components and water to stay hydrated. Your meal plan for this time should contain: Omega-3 fatty acids (salmon, trout, herring, nuts, olive oil, coconut oil) Iron (apples, pumpkin seeds) Vitamin C (oranges, lemons) Vitamin E (pumpkin, spinach) Flavonoids, caffeine (dark chocolate, coffee) Lutein and Zeaxanthin (eggs, broccoli, grapes) Drink at least 4-5 glasses of water every day to stay healthy and energized. If you face difficulties with eating healthy and inexpensive in college, our tips will be useful to you. 2 Plan and Prioritize When you have a lot of material to revise, its easy to fall into a chaotic state when you are just flipping through your books and notes. However, when you have a detailed plan, you can structure information better and remember it without mixing it up in your head. Create a plan of studying and put the most challenging exams first and dedicate more time to them. Make sure to review your notes right before the exam to freshen up your memory. 3 Follow a Schedule Having a schedule is the most important step when preparing for exams. Its quite easy to succumb to anxiety and sit with your notes till the late night. But this is not the best way to make your brain and concentration work. Get up in the morning and go to bed at the same time every day. Make the list of subjects that you are going to dedicate time on a certain day and schedule little breaks in between your study sessions to relax. For example, you can watch your favorite TV show or listen to music. This way it will be easier for you to stay focused and process the information. 4 Have a Great Sleep Pulling all-nighter is never good for you, so take naps whenever you can. During sleep, your body relaxes and accumulates energy for you to continue your studying. Moreover, good sleep for at least 8 hours a day increases your productivity and attentiveness. 5 Prepare Your Notes Even though you might think that its better to study for an extra hour, your ability to retain information at the end of late studying sessions is getting drastically low. So, there is no need to force yourself to stay up, better go to bed earlier. Structuring information helps with retaining and perceiving information better. Find the most effective way for you to remember the information and match your notes with the method that you chose. For example, people of the visual learning style will find organizing information on the paper effective. Different diagrams, infographics and educational videos on platforms like Coursera or Youtube will work the best. For people of auditory learning style podcasts and recorded lectures will be the best way to rehearse the material. So, prepare your notes and organize them in the best way for you. You might also use markers to highlight some points while you are rereading them or write down some quick thesis statements. Check out other useful pieces of advice for higher grades. 6 Exercise A lot of students find exercising very useful during intense study sessions, and this is not surprising. Besides helping you lose weight, sport releases hormones and helps your brain fight with stress and anxiety. Moreover, sometimes you just need to distract yourself from depressing thoughts and a good run or workout will do the magic. If a gym is not your cup of coffee, try out yoga, meditation or swimming. You will see that these simple activities will boost your energy and positive mood. The time of the day when you are the most productive is also essential when planning your study sessions. So, check out our tips on how to choose the best time to study for finals. These were our tips on how you can pull yourself through hard times of college finals and help your stress go away without using any medications.

Leadership - Strategic Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leadership - Strategic Communication - Essay Example Six years later, Bill Clinton, would come out with a book as if to explain to the world what it really was. My life is a 1024 pages autobiography of a former president named William Jefferson Clinton or Bill Clinton who left his office in the shadow of scandal. Clinton tells about his difficult childhood and his political accomplishments, painstakingly registering his greatest successes and failures, which are perceived by some quarters as "trying to face and banish his private demons." Clinton grew up with a second father, the abusive Roger Clinton. But it is said, Mr. Clinton never told any of his friends what was going on at home. As he writes in his book, he has lived "two parallel lives" -- the public one everyone knew about, and a dark secret one he says he never talked about. His mother and he had made the decision to carry on, and just go on and try to make a normal life. Clinton had a beautiful wife, Hilary, whom he adored but unfortunately cheated; and an only daughter, Chelsea who was his pride. He, too, had thousands of men and women in his life, whether in politics, in domestic life, or in whatever social circle they were found. They were all there in Clinton's book - either as a loving mother, a father he hadn't seen and who had provided the puzzles he had wanted all to solve, an aunt who gifted Clinton with short letters from strangers about a father he never saw and which letter he was to hug later on, a half-brother he found too late, a half-sister he never met, a barber, an author invited for dinner, politicians from all spheres, and news reporters and authors. Clinton was able to name them all in his book, and with his photographic memory, sketched the instances when they figured in his life. Why was he doing this with a thousand pages The giant of a book is full of interesting stories about the workings of government and an insight into the man behind the news. It is a riveting account of a president under systematic combined assaults from his enemies, and how he survived and prevailed. The book is heavily a history of Clinton's ascent in politics and the trials of his presidency. Clinton describes an almost day-by-day account of his time in the White House. Bill Clinton started with a quiet life that had allowed him to study and work and read the thoughts of great men. At the age of ten, Clinton observed politics unfold in the family's TV set. His interest in the political process manifested every on while he studied in college, worked as an intern for Senator William Fulbright; joined the Vietnam War protest movement at Oxford, campaigned for Democratic candidates at Yale Law School, and ran for Congress, attorney general, and governor. Clinton had become a leader. But a fallen leader alas! Some see him as able to survive seemingly contradictions and draw them in as one. The stories he related showed some pain he had to struggle with, especially with politics which he described as "a contact sport." The strategy, the fighter in him said, was to "take the first hit, then counterpunch as hard as I could". My Life showed what counterpunch that was in terms of answering his enemies. The good-looking one had the ladies swooning over him which he could not resist, while the men from the other side of the fence gave him the opportunity to show his being a fighter. In this book, Clinton provides a different view to the loads of press releases and news he had

Personal statment Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Statment - Personal Statement Example st me with pointers and the knowledge of how to go about using e-business and ensuring not only its success but to ensure the business gains competitive advantage by using of minimal resources and acquiring a sustainable, permanent client base in the business. My first degree has provided the economic and financial side of handling a business. This includes issues such as the external and internal factors to watch out for as well as how to invest. What type of investments to make and at what time while ensuring that I get maximum profits using minimal resources and expenditure are other tips acquired. With this background in business, I feel that the only thing I miss is the technology and global aspect of the business. With everything becoming global, I do not want to be left out and INT course will provide me with the necessary skills to fulfil this desire. One of my hobbies is to indulge in financial articles reading of success and failure stories of entrepreneurs and corporations. This has provided me with a passion to succeed and avoid the factors that may lead to failure. One greatest way of doing so is having international management knowledge and skills that will enable me be competitive in any business globally. I am a highly driven person who is self-motivated and this will enable me conduct more research on my goals while studying the International Technology Management. This research will be on global business issues and technology relevant to mu course. The research will also ensure that I am on top of the syllabus at all times and engage regularly in discussion with my professors and fellow students. One of my future goals includes owning an online business that will be dedicated to purely providing international economic, financial and technological advice to entrepreneurs and small companies. This is so because these are the majority in the market and hence the business will not lack customers. They are also the majority who are hit by economic

Comparison of Tesco and Oxfam

Comparison of Tesco and Oxfam FINDINGS: I have chosen two contrasting organizations TESCO and Oxfam. Tesco is a shopping mart where we can purchase our essential things. It can also be define as a global grocery and general merchandising vendor headquartered in UK. Sir Jack Cohen founded Tesco in 1919, when he began to sell extra food stuff from a stall in the East End of London. Tesco first appeared above a shop in Edgware in 1929 and since then the company has grown and developed. Tesco is the third largest retailer in the world measured by income Tesco private limited corporation (PLC) is the biggest super mart in UK which has 29% of shares in market compared to other companies like asda which has 17% shares in market. PLC private limited company and dont allow its shares for sale publically. Plc company makes profit more than public companies. A Plc company has no limits of share and share capital and there is no limit to the members liability because there is no limitation on members liability Purpose of Tesco is to make money and invest and sale quality products. And provide reliable materials to consumers. Why do Tesco exist? Tesco exist to provide the goods and services that people and earning money and profits from business .it provides jobs for people the Tesco provides daily need products . Products that customers demand like food, clothes, Home electircs,Sound and vision ,Bed and bath, Furniture and kitchen, Clothing and jewellery, Toys and gift, Baby and toddlers, Garden needs. Products and services supplied at profit, at cost and below cost. Tesco is getting profit by introducing new brands and also selling goods at lease.tehy are getting profit on products by supplying them to other countries and at whole sale. They can sell products by introducing off packages to customers at low prices for a specific duration which means to make them as a regular customers to gain profit in future. And also out of seasons sale which shows selling at low cost. Objectives of TESCO are as tesco is UKs finest food retailers having 519 stores in England, Wales, and Scotland. And 105 stores in France managed by wine producer and 44 in Hungary managed by international. Tesco offers best reasonable prices. Tesco meets the need of customers opinions regarding advance product quality, choice, store facilities and service Tesco is the main profitable investment with progressive return. Tesco is introducing young talents and sound management of workers and training practices and giving job on marit basis not by personal relations.Tesco maintaining its relationships with product makers supplier on quality and price criteria. Tesco is co operating on making of food in industry. also Providing good environment and protection. Ownership can be defined as Employee or executive who has the principle responsibility for a business, or project The public sector in this type of ownership only British people can get ownership in Tesco to gain profit. Sole Traders controlled and financed by one person. Least expensive form of ownership to organize. Sole proprietors receive all income generated by the business to keep or reinvest. Partnerships contains 2 -20 members who share their assets and profits from business. Public Limited Companies (PLCs) shares to the general public it contains Minimum of 2 but no maximum number of shareholders Private Limited Companies contains financed and controlled by between 2 and 50 shareholders. Franchises .A business which has bought the right to trade under established name in different cities.e.g McDonalds, KFC. Co-operatives it contains Groups of people who enter business and share the benefits customers Co-operatives, Producer Co-operatives, Worker Co-operatives. Charitable trust for helping famines and collect funds from rich .and also receives funds from GOVT. OXFAM It is a trouble reliever organization which includes 14 countries organization with 3,000 partners in around 100 countries to decrease poverty and injustice .It can be define as an International organization which helps and provide training and financial aid to people in developing countries and disaster areas. A UK based organization which was established in the 1942. Oxfam is campaigns, development program and emergency response by co operation of internationally connected associations. Oxfam international was formed in 1995 by an independent non government organization. Development Works with local partner organization And helps poor and poverty. And realizing People Their rights e.g. education, health Emergency Oxfam provides life saving aids during Emergency and help people for Future Crises Campaigning Putting the pressure on leaders to make long lasting change Oxfam International is group of 13 independent association contains Germany Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, , Great Britain, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Ireland, The Netherlands, Quebec, Spain and the United States. Why Oxfam exist? Oxfam exists to make a global impact on the causes of poverty. Today mostly countries areas are facing problems and Oxfam is the most efficient organization to help them. Campaign initiatives, planning and putting into practice new tactics and strategies to spread climate change.oxfam is trying to make relationships globally with international NGOs to develop prosperity. Objectives of OXFAM: Relieve suffering caused by natural disasters.Oxfam supports peace and understanding based upon mutual tolerance and respect. Strengthen peoples capacity to help them. Oxfam works for trade justice, fair trade, education and aid, health, HIV/AIDS, conflict ,campaigning and natural disasters, human rights, and climate change. Oxfams International purpose. The main purposes of Oxfam are Promote, assist and manage relationship between the Oxfam international to do help all disasterd people globall.and earning name at international level And removing poverty OXFAM has its committee in different countries which are as under Oxfam GB (Great Britain) .Oxfam Canada.Oxfam America. Oxfam GB (Great Britain) independent non-profit organization is the biggest family for help and has large capacity of workers and income for famines . In UK OXFAM GB was originated in 1942. Oxfam Canada is first member of Oxfam International, and was developed in 1963.in at start Canada Oxfam faced troubles soon Canada began to analyse its role in the development process. OXFAM in AMERICA an independent non-profit organization was developed in America in 1970 and fight for independence and shelter. Advantages of Oxfam are they dont have to pay tax. they get ready to help other. they receive money from businessman and Government. TESCO Stakeholder Stakeholder can be defined as a person, group or organization that has direct and indirect position in organization. It is affected by organizations rules, polices and decisions. Tesco has many stakeholders. Government, Customers, Employees, Local Community, Suppliers, and Pressure Groups: they all have equal importance in building of Tesco Customers. Usually a customer wants quality goods at a low cost. They would also want a variety of products to choose from key holders Diagram of stakeholder in organization Supplier Owners Government Creditors Customer Directors Workers Community Unions Key stakeholders in a business organization Customers. These are the people who buy products from shops and to save lives of needy people. Customers want reliable products and at low prices. Employees its how you manage in any situation; understand the customer; be first with the customer use your strength to deliver unbeatable value and look after the staff so they can look after the customer, teamwork trust and respect. Directors they are responsible for business objectives and managing all strategic decisions .director holds discussion at board meetings. Where they make strategy for improving business, Managers they are responsible for obtaining goals creating atmosphere of work among workers, each manager has handles accounting, law marketing, and sales production. Suppliers they supply products at commercial level like banking .they supply goods to different branches. Owners they are the business, assets holder, and pay the workers. Pressure groups not put up candidates for election, but seeks to influence government policy rules. Trade unions function is discuss pay and working conditions and creates discipline among workers Employee Associations they set up pay packages and employees for resolving argument. Stakeholders of Oxfam Stakeholder can be defined as a person, group or organization that has direct and indirect position in organization. It is affected by organizations rules, polices and decisions. Volunteers they are the workers who help in building Oxfams strength. Volunteering is a personal Choice, not a compulsory job. Express values in activities that are meaningful. And co operates for helping in medicine, education, or emergency rescue. Campaign supporters The Individuals, celebrities, politicians and organizations across the run campaign for collecting funds and to remove illiteracy and poverty. Individual donors this types of donors can make decisions faster, they mostly work in under developed countries to make them growing countries, and feel this easy to work alone. Donate personally money, clothes for removing poverty. Customers are the main participant in organization. They help by buying food, drinks, and also help organization by used drink bottles and wrappers for recycling and make collection for Oxfam. Without their involvement it is not possible collecting money for Oxfam. Employees they are workers of Oxfam and work in flood relieving, food preparation, palcing people in save places when they get infected. Pressure groups they help in protesting if Government is not funding properly.ank manage strike on roads, institutes, cites and encourage people for infected s help from Govt. FUNCTIONAL AREA OF TESCO Board of Directors Finance department Marketing sales department Production department Finance manager Accountant Marketing manager Area sales manager Sales staff Production manager Production supervisor Production workers Human resource department Human resource manager Clerical assistant ICT department Board of directors people are the people of tesco who have decision-making rights, voting rights specific responsibilities which in each case are separate and distinct from the authority and responsibilities of owners and managers of the business entity. Finance department is responsible of balance sheets, profit and loss of tesco and responsible to keep records of fund and all planning of Tesco financial income and loss. Finance manager duties are to make investment sheets ,financial reports, activities, and implement cash management strategies. Accountant helps managers to make reports, investments (savings), and tax implementations. Handles profit loss details, cost production, financial statements. Marketing sales department function is to understand users needs and fulfil requirements with quality of goods and also pay attention to their demands and fulfil that correctly. Sales manager Sell products and services to the customer for the profit and want to become finest retailer. They make products available for all customers. Production Tesco is to make sure that the goods of Tesco are formed on time and is in a suitable quality for the customers. And maintain furniture. Production managers duty is to handle all kind of goods preparation demands and duration when product will get ready for customers and at given time and at exact time and standard. Production workers made goods according to the user demands and works exactly in uniform way. They have to know all about wht customer wants and what kind of material should use. Human resources keep hold of good experienced staff and only choose hardworking employees and They deal with the recruitment, employees, planning, , training and paying to employees. ICT (International Computers and Tabulators) its main function is to check that all data of Tesco is stored properly. All computer software are working, all business websites are accessing.(tescopls.com) FUNCTIONAL AREA OF OXFAM Oxfam ambassadors Political counsellors Deputy Chief of mission Defence attached Economic counsellor Public affairs Chief security assistant Administrative counsellor Director Counsellor office Agency representatives Director Peace Corps Ambassadors are the highly ranked representative within a nation for other organization. and directly linked by Government. Political counsellors/ Deputy Chief of mission/ Defence attached they all are directly attached with ambassador an communicate all society problem with each other and make decisions Director is a group of people nominated by the owners of a business who have decision-making authority, voting authority specific responsibilities which in each case is separate and distinct from the authority and responsibilities of owners and managers of the business entity Deputy Chief of missionHe or she acts like a ambassador in absence of chief of mission. He handles matter in absence of chief of mission Political, Economic, Public Affairs, Management) at the Embassy,. Director Peace Corps US company that sends American volunteers to developing countries for educational, agricultural improvements. Tesco Mission and values Planning, calculating and the passing of information form rival is called mission. Tescos mission is to earn profit and sale pure goods. And to sale goods online by using website tesco.com and public dealing in good manner to make regular customers and create significance for customers to earn their lifetime reliability. Values Values of an organization defines it standards. They show Respect to each others Try to give their best. Want to be energetic and fit. Tesco strategies to become are successful international trader, to become famous business party. To be good food provider to put community at the heart of what we do. Objectives Tesco increasing customers by offering buy 1 gets 1 free. Tesco offers best reasonable prices. Tesco meets the need of customers opinions regarding advance, product quality, choice, store facilities and service Tesco is the main profitable investment with progressive return. Tesco is introducing young talents and sound management of workers and training practices and giving job on merit basis not by personal relations. Tesco maintaining its relationships with supplier (product makers) on strict quality and price criteria.Tesco is co operating on making of food in industry. Provides good environment and protection Strategic Planning Tesco is trying to make shopping easy and comfortable. Seeking to low price to help people Lessing prices. Smart objectives of Tesco Specific Tesco wants to make profit its sale. Measurable Tesco is leading in business by its major shares in market. Achievable Tesco achieve its goal by increasing its customers and making profits. Tesco has achieved it by good quality products. Realistic Tesco is third big company in world. OXFAM Mission It acts for attitudinal change to facilitate in development, socially and economically. It helps famine and giving life to them. Values satisfactory behavior within organization. Behavior of individuals within the organization. And Flexible commitment. Use time and resources efficiently Strategic aims and objectives Oxfam works for trade justice, fair trade, education and aid, health, HIV/AIDS, conflict ,campaigning and natural disasters, human rights, and climate change. and supporting children by educating them and providing food. Oxfam strategic planning process Oxfam is worlds 3rd largest nonprofit organization and Oxfam strategic planning process is to works for the removal of poverty. To fight homelessness and also for the development of undeveloped area and for progress of organization. Smart objectives of Oxfam Specific Reducing Poverty is specific objective. Measurable Oxfam is responding to 26 emergency situations worldwide. Relevant skills Oxfam is finding people who have skills to tackle problems. Time-based Oxfam includes 14 countries union working in more than 100 countries. M1 Point of Views of different stakeholders Directors the business through meetings with top managers and managing stretegies for progress of tesco.Employees should work hard on making good quality products that will make profit and also increase pay and conditions of Employees and also helpful for safety, health and pension arrangements. Customers views are to getting latest brands and saving by low price products. D1 Evaluate the influence different stakeholders exert in one organization Stakeholders stand for great influence in organization. Developing countries employees make fashionable clothes and brands to exert little power over their employers to give them jobs and getting new products. Owners are the organizations main stakeholders and gain profit and pays all bills and wages to workers and remain profit shares with shareholders directors pay attention to make strategy and decisions regarding organization Government influences by law rights to change behaviour of environmental or health and safety. Employees exert main role in business profit or loss. When the economy is active they work hard and make extra products. Customers also create great influence within an organization by purchasing products from store or online at low prices. Conclusion I was given an Assignment of two contrasting organizations Tesco and Oxfam. I found that both organizations are serving better in their departments and both are for people. in both organizations stake holder are more important participant because if you dont have too many stake holder and your profitable and non profitable organizations will not succeed in their missions. Recommendations I would like to recommend the both different organization one is profit gaining Tesco and nonprofits gaining Oxfam have good customer connection because Oxfam is an international charity which is focused on fighting poverty and providing them shelter.and Tesco is providing daily needs products for customers and also providing funds to Oxfoam so that they can participate in decreasing poverty. So both plays important role for customers.